Title: Oral dysfunctional occlusion related to periodontal problems
Abstract:
Premature contacts and occlusal interferences during occlusion and function are knowns as causes of different problems on stomatognathic system. These problems goes from an acute periapical cementum inflammation to articular disfunction, and may promote dental tissue loss (non-carious cervical lesions) need of endodontic treatment, root resorption or fracture, periodontal tissue loss and tooth extraction. Several cases are associated with pain.
In June, 2018 the American Academy of Periodontology and the European Federation of Periodontology published the proceedings of world’s workshop for classification of periodontal and Peri-Implantar diseases and conditions. The occlusal trauma was included in the consensus report regarding the periodontal manifestations of systemic diseases and developmental and acquired conditions. This paper fortunately recognized the relationship between traumatic occlusal forces and it’s impact on the injury of both teeth and periodontal tissue.
A stable occlusion must prevent these problems. Posterior contacts during protrusion, non-working contacts during excursive movements, posterior support loss and anterior guidance loss, class II and III malocclusions (where anterior guidance is even poorer). In older patients in which dental surfaces are worn out in anterior teeth and tooth loss is common, improperly contacts may occur. All described types of contacts may accelerate or, in some moment, cause periodontal tissue loss by misapplication of forces overcharging the system.
The planning and execution of rehabilitation should consider those concepts to aim longevity and to preserve all the surrounding tissues. The clinicians executing rehabilitation through fillings, crowns, and orthodontics must consider and understand that.
A properly occlusal diagnostic can prevent tooth loss and periodontal tissue’s problems.
