HYBRID EVENT: You can participate in person at Madrid, Spain or Virtually from your home or work.

9th Edition of International Conference on Dentistry
and Oral Health

September 02-04, 2024 | Madrid, Spain

September 02-04, 2024 | Madrid, Spain
ICDO 2017

Zvi G Loewy

Zvi G Loewy, Speaker at Oral Health Conferences
New York Medical College, United States
Title: Oral and Systemic Health: A Microbial and Genomic Perspective

Abstract:

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the transcriptome of human healthy mucosa with the transcriptome of chronic oral stomatitis mucosa. The hypothesis was that by using whole transcriptome analysis one could gain novel insight into the host response mechanisms of chronic oral Candidiasis by identifying key molecular pathways associated with pathogenesis.
Materials and Methods:  Oral biopsies were obtained from 17 healthy and 15 Candida albicans-infected stomatitis subjects. The presence of Candida albicans was confirmed by cytology and cultivable methods. For transcriptome analyses a false discovery rate (FDR) of <0.05 was used.  Array quality control and expression pathways associated with stomatitis were identified by using Partek™ and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis™. Specific differentially-expressed genes identified by mRNA array data were confirmed by measurements of salivary protein expression by multiplex analyses.  
Results:  Microarray analysis of mRNA expression indicated that in stomatitis there were 3034 genes that were differentially expressed and met the FDR<0.05 criteria. 235 genes were up-regulated >2-fold including key cytokines [IL1F6, IL1B], chemokines [CXCL1, CCL10, IL8] as well as markers of epithelial and neutrophil activation. 71 genes were down-regulated >2-fold including epithelial adhesion molecules and keratins. Five of the 6 most significant gene ontology pathways involve inflammation and activation of the immune response with CD28 and CTLA signaling of T cells. There was strong up-regulation of TLR2, CD14, MYD88, IKKA and NFKB as the dominant toll-like receptor signaling pathway. 
Conclusions:  Neutrophil recruitment and activation, epithelial suppression and T cell activation appear as major pathways in chronic oral Candidiasis. Tissue up-regulation of TLR2 pathways, as well as potential Candida albicans binding proteins was observed, whereas keratin and adhesion molecule synthesis were down-regulated.  Several candidate biomarkers to potentially identify the presence of oral Candidiasis were identified. 

Biography:

Dr. Loewy received his education at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Dr. Loewy is on the faculty of the Touro College of Pharmacy, New York Medical College and Drexel University; is on the boards of the Jerusalem College of Technology, the New Jersey Technology Incubator, a member of the scientific advisory board of C3 Jian, Inc.; a member of the steering committee of the Pennsylvania Translational Research Partnership Institute and the Coulter advisory council; and is an Editor of the Journal of Prosthodontics and the Journal Microarrays.  Dr. Loewy has published broadly and has over 25 issued patents.

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