Title: Central giant cell granuloma causing root resorption : A Case Report
Abstract:
Introduction: Giant cell granulomas of jaws, as peripheral giant cell granulomas and central giant cell granulomas occur in two forms. The peripheral form occurs in gingiva or oral mucosa while the central form occurs in bones. Giant cell lesions are reported commonly in females and in first two decades of life. Central giant cell granuloma is a benign, aggressive or nonaggressive neoplasm composed of multinucleated giant cells that almost exclusively occurs almost exclusively in the jaws though extra gnathic incidence is rare. The radiological appearance of central giant cell granuloma is not specific, it can be confused to the brown tumor, fibrous dysplasia, aneurysmal bone cyst or other fibro osseous lesions.
Purpose: The aim of this study is to present a case with central giant cell granuloma which is a relatively rare benign neoplasm or intraosseous lesion of jaws.
Patient and Materials: 25 year old female patient referred to our clinic because of having mobile teeth and a palatal swelling. There was no other complaint including pain too. After taking panoramic radiograph we saw there was a uniloculer radiolucent and well defined lesion extending from maxillary right first incisor tooth to maxillary right first molar tooth and this lesion almost completely resorbed the roots of adjacent teeth. Although the lesion was look like an odontogenic cyst there was a palpable hard swelling in expansive palatal region during the clinic examination. Tomography imaging showed the bone expansion.
Results: It was determined that the lesion of excisional biopsy made in the patient was histopathologically central giant cell granuloma.
Conclusion: Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is an uncommon, benign, proliferative, pathological condition accounting for less than 7% of all benign lesions of the jaw. The lesion most commonly causes asymptomatic bone expansion therefore panoramic radiography should be taken during examination for early diagnosis of intraosseous lesions and tomography can be more useful for differential diagnosis and also correct determining border lines of lesion.
